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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
 
x Quarterly Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the quarterly period ended: December 31, 2017
 
¨ Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Commission File Number: 1-33026 
 
https://cdn.kscope.io/dda1fce0e53c6a46c79abd5be10d1468-commvaultlogorgbposa21.gif
Commvault Systems, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Delaware
 
22-3447504
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
 
1 Commvault Way
Tinton Falls, New Jersey
 
07724
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)
(732) 870-4000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by the Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrant was required to submit and post such files.)    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer”, "accelerated filer", "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer  þ
Accelerated filer  o
Non-accelerated filer  o
Smaller reporting company  o
Emerging growth company  o
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13 (a) of the Exchange Act  o


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x
As of January 22, 2018, there were 44,942,269 shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.01 par value, outstanding.

Table of Contents


COMMVAULT SYSTEMS, INC.
FORM 10-Q
INDEX
 
 
 
Page
Part I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.
Financial Statements and Notes
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 5.
Item 6.
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 31.1
 
Exhibit 31.2
 
Exhibit 32.1
 
Exhibit 32.2
 


Table of Contents             


Commvault Systems, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
 
 
December 31, 2017
 
March 31, 2017

As adjusted -
See Note 2
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
314,494

 
$
329,491

Short-term investments
 
130,993

 
120,693

Trade accounts receivable, net
 
146,750

 
140,084

Other current assets
 
24,181

 
15,791

Total current assets
 
616,418

 
606,059

Deferred tax assets, net
 
—

 
50,228

Property and equipment, net
 
129,632

 
132,319

Equity method investment
 
3,340

 
3,621

Deferred commissions cost
 
31,372

 
30,378

Other assets
 
8,512

 
7,273

Total assets
 
$
789,274

 
$
829,878

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Accounts payable
 
$
193

 
$
117

Accrued liabilities
 
79,179

 
78,701

Deferred revenue
 
227,532

 
209,099

Total current liabilities
 
306,904

 
287,917

Deferred revenue, less current portion
 
80,035

 
70,803

Deferred tax liabilities, net
 
2,504

 
—

Other liabilities
 
3,749

 
4,226

Commitments and contingencies
 

 

Stockholders’ equity:
 
 
 
 
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value: 50,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2017 and March 31, 2017
 
—

 
—

Common stock, $0.01 par value: 250,000 shares authorized, 44,785 shares and 44,816 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2017 and March 31, 2017, respectively
 
447

 
447

Additional paid-in capital
 
756,531

 
694,477

Accumulated deficit
 
(354,264
)
 
(215,677
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
 
(6,632
)
 
(12,315
)
Total stockholders’ equity
 
396,082

 
466,932

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
 
$
789,274

 
$
829,878


See accompanying unaudited notes to consolidated financial statements

1
Table of Contents             

Commvault Systems, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss)
(In thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
 
 
Three Months Ended December 31,
 
Nine Months Ended December 31,
 
 
2017

2016

As Adjusted -
See Note 2
 
2017
 
2016

As Adjusted -
See Note 2
Revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software and products
 
$
81,443

 
$
78,655

 
$
228,224

 
$
212,473

Services
 
98,923

 
88,406

 
286,254

 
265,800

Total revenues
 
180,366

 
167,061

 
514,478

 
478,273

Cost of revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software and products
 
1,234

 
772

 
3,125

 
2,306

Services
 
23,723

 
20,394

 
66,760

 
61,512

Total cost of revenues
 
24,957

 
21,166

 
69,885

 
63,818

Gross margin
 
155,409

 
145,895

 
444,593

 
414,455

Operating expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales and marketing
 
105,106

 
97,053

 
305,610

 
283,979

Research and development
 
23,981

 
21,227

 
69,451

 
60,676

General and administrative
 
20,387

 
21,610

 
67,858

 
62,862

Depreciation and amortization
 
2,457

 
2,163

 
7,212

 
6,382

Total operating expenses
 
151,931

 
142,053

 
450,131

 
413,899

Income (loss) from operations
 
3,478

 
3,842

 
(5,538
)
 
556

Interest expense
 
(232
)
 
(233
)
 
(698
)
 
(724
)
Interest income
 
588

 
312

 
1,560

 
843

Equity in loss of affiliate
 
(158
)
 
(300
)
 
(281
)
 
(544
)
Income (loss) before income taxes
 
3,676

 
3,621

 
(4,957
)
 
131

Income tax expense
 
62,621

 
1,662

 
55,282

 
836

Net income (loss)
 
$
(58,945
)
 
$
1,959

 
$
(60,239
)
 
$
(705
)
Net income (loss) per common share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
$
(1.30
)
 
$
0.04

 
$
(1.33
)
 
$
(0.02
)
Diluted
 
$
(1.30
)
 
$
0.04

 
$
(1.33
)
 
$
(0.02
)
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
45,291

 
45,099

 
45,340

 
44,645

Diluted
 
45,291

 
47,115

 
45,340

 
44,645


See accompanying unaudited notes to consolidated financial statements

2
Table of Contents             

Commvault Systems, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
 
 
Three Months Ended December 31,
 
Nine Months Ended December 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016

As Adjusted -
See Note 2
 
2017
 
2016

As Adjusted -
See Note 2
Net income (loss)
 
(58,945
)
 
1,959

 
(60,239
)
 
(705
)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation adjustment
 
1,063

 
(3,268
)
 
5,683

 
(4,787
)
Comprehensive loss
 
$
(57,882
)
 
$
(1,309
)
 
$
(54,556
)
 
$
(5,492
)

See accompanying unaudited notes to consolidated financial statements

3
Table of Contents             

Commvault Systems, Inc.
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
 
 
 
Common Stock
 
Additional
Paid – In
Capital
 
Accumulated
Deficit
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
 
Total
 
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
 
 
 
Balance as of March 31, 2017 - As Adjusted
 
44,816

 
$
447

 
$
694,477

 
$
(215,677
)
 
$
(12,315
)
 
$
466,932

Cumulative Effect of Adoption of ASU 2016-09
 
 
 
 
 
435

 
(271
)
 
 
 
164

Stock-based compensation
 
 
 
 
 
57,138

 
 
 
 
 
57,138

Share issuances related to stock-based compensation
 
1,660

 
17

 
17,696

 
 
 
 
 
17,713

Repurchase of common stock
 
(1,691
)
 
(17
)
 
(13,215
)
 
(78,077
)
 
 
 
(91,309
)
Net loss
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(60,239
)
 
 
 
(60,239
)
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5,683

 
5,683

Balance as of December 31, 2017
 
44,785

 
$
447

 
$
756,531

 
$
(354,264
)
 
$
(6,632
)
 
$
396,082

See accompanying unaudited notes to consolidated financial statements

4
Table of Contents             

Commvault Systems, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
 
 
Nine Months Ended December 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016

As Adjusted -
See Note 2
Cash flows from operating activities
 
 
 
 
Net loss
 
$
(60,239
)
 
$
(705
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
8,446

 
7,573

Noncash stock-based compensation
 
57,138

 
55,153

Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation
 
—

 
(4,776
)
Deferred income taxes
 
53,682

 
(7,398
)
Equity in loss of affiliate
 
281

 
544

Amortization of deferred commissions cost
 
12,314

 
11,784

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Trade accounts receivable
 
(4,591
)
 
(6,651
)
Other current assets and Other assets
 
(7,101
)
 
1,060

Deferred commissions cost
 
(12,262
)
 
(12,563
)
Accounts payable
 
71

 
(159
)
Accrued liabilities
 
(3,652
)
 
10,858

Deferred revenue
 
17,963

 
16,282

Other liabilities
 
(1,222
)
 
52

Net cash provided by operating activities
 
60,828

 
71,054

Cash flows from investing activities
 
 
 
 
Purchase of short-term investments
 
(110,181
)
 
(93,911
)
Proceeds from maturity of short-term investments
 
99,881

 
72,236

Purchase of property and equipment
 
(5,297
)
 
(4,485
)
Net cash used in investing activities
 
(15,597
)
 
(26,160
)
Cash flows from financing activities
 
 
 
 
Repurchase of common stock
 
(91,309
)
 
(24,997
)
Proceeds from stock-based compensation plans

 
17,713

 
14,271

Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation (see Note 2)
 
—

 
4,776

Net cash used in financing activities
 
(73,596
)
 
(5,950
)
Effects of exchange rate — changes in cash
 
13,368

 
(10,639
)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
 
(14,997
)
 
28,305

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
 
329,491

 
288,107

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
 
$
314,494

 
$
316,412


See accompanying unaudited notes to consolidated financial statements


5
Table of Contents             

Commvault Systems, Inc
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited
(In thousands, except per share data)
1.    Basis of Presentation

Commvault Systems, Inc. and its subsidiaries (“Commvault” or the “Company”) is a provider of data and information management software applications and related services. The Company develops, markets and sells a suite of software applications and services, primarily in North America, Europe, Australia and Asia, that provides its customers with data protection solutions supporting all major operating systems, applications, and databases on virtual and physical servers, NAS shares, cloud-based infrastructures, and mobile devices; management through a single console; multiple protection methods including backup and archive, snapshot management, replication, and content indexing for eDiscovery; efficient storage management using deduplication for disk, tape and cloud; integration with the industry's top storage arrays; complete virtual infrastructure management supporting multiple hypervisors; security capabilities to limit access to critical data; policy based data management; and an end-user experience that allows them to protect, find and recover their own data using common tools such as web browsers, Microsoft Outlook and File Explorer. In fiscal 2018 the Company also started selling appliances that integrate the Company's software with hardware and address a wide-range of business needs and use cases, ranging from support for remote or branch offices with limited IT staff up to large corporate data centers. The Company also provides its customers with a broad range of professional and customer support services.
The consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2017 and for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 are unaudited, and in the opinion of management, include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2017. The results reported in these financial statements should not necessarily be taken as indicative of results that may be expected for the entire fiscal year. The Company has early adopted the new revenue standard as of April 1, 2017 using the full retrospective method which required each prior reporting period presented to be adjusted beginning with this issuance of the Company’s financial statements.
The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make judgments and estimates that affect the amounts reported in the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. The Company bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances. The amounts of assets and liabilities reported in the Company’s balance sheets and the amounts of revenues and expenses reported for each of its periods presented are affected by estimates and assumptions, which are used for, but not limited to, the accounting for revenue recognition, income taxes and related reserves, stock-based compensation and accounting for research and development costs. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
2.    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
During fiscal 2018 the Company adopted new accounting guidance related to revenue recognition and accounting for share-based compensation which is described below. There have been no other significant changes in the Company’s accounting policies during the nine months ended December 31, 2017 as compared to the significant accounting policies described in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2017.

6
Table of Contents     
Commvault Systems, Inc
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)


Recently Issued Accounting Standards
Revenue Recognition
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)." This standard replaced existing revenue recognition rules with a comprehensive revenue measurement and recognition standard and expanded disclosure requirements. The ASU also includes guidance regarding the accounting for contract acquisition costs, which includes sales commissions. The Company has early adopted the new standard as of April 1, 2017 using the full retrospective method which required each prior reporting period presented to be adjusted beginning with this issuance of the Company’s financial statements. The most significant impact of adopting the new standard related to the deferral of commission costs. A portion of sales commissions cost is now recorded as an asset and recognized as an operating expense over the time period that the Company expects to recover the costs.

Select adjusted unaudited financial statement information, which reflect the adoption of Topic 606 is below. The Company’s historical net cash flows are not impacted by this accounting change.
 
Three Months Ended December 31, 2016
 
Unaudited
 
As Reported
 
Adjustments
 
Adjusted for Adoption of ASC 606
Revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
Software and products
$
77,322

 
$
1,333

 
$
78,655

Services
88,519

 
(113
)
 
88,406

Total revenues
165,841

 
1,220

 
167,061

Total cost of revenues
21,166

 
—

 
21,166

Gross margin
144,675

 
1,220

 
145,895

Total operating expenses
143,433

 
(1,380
)
 
142,053

Income from operations
1,242

 
2,600

 
3,842

Interest expense
(233
)
 
—

 
(233
)
Interest income
312

 
—

 
312

Equity in loss of affiliate
(300
)
 
—

 
(300
)
Income before income taxes
1,021

 
2,600

 
3,621

Income tax expense
1,063

 
599

 
1,662

Net income (loss)
$
(42
)
 
$
2,001

 
$
1,959


7
Table of Contents     
Commvault Systems, Inc
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)


 
Nine Months Ended December 31, 2016
 
Unaudited
 
As Reported
 
Adjustments
 
Adjusted for Adoption of ASC 606
Revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
Software and products
$
211,716

 
$
757

 
$
212,473

Services
265,871

 
(71
)
 
265,800

Total revenues
477,587

 
686

 
478,273

Total cost of revenues
63,818

 
—

 
63,818

Gross margin
413,769

 
686

 
414,455

Total operating expenses
415,832

 
(1,933
)
 
413,899

Income (loss) from operations
(2,063
)
 
2,619

 
556

Interest expense
(724
)
 
—

 
(724
)
Interest income
843

 
—

 
843

Equity in loss of affiliate
(544
)
 
—

 
(544
)
Income (loss) before income taxes
(2,488
)
 
2,619

 
131

Income tax expense
160

 
676

 
836

Net income (loss)
$
(2,648
)
 
$
1,943

 
$
(705
)


 
March 31, 2017
 
Unaudited Balance Sheet Data
 
As Reported
 
Adjustments
 
Adjusted for Adoption of ASC 606
Current assets:
 
 
 
 
 
Trade accounts receivable
$
132,761

 
$
7,323

 
$
140,084

Total current assets
$
598,736

 
$
7,323

 
$
606,059

Deferred tax assets, net
$
61,018

 
$
(10,790
)
 
$
50,228

Deferred commissions
$
—

 
$
30,378

 
$
30,378

Total assets
$
802,967

 
$
26,911

 
$
829,878

Current Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred revenue
$
206,777

 
$
2,322

 
$
209,099

Total current liabilities
$
285,595

 
$
2,322

 
$
287,917

Other liabilities
$
3,934

 
$
292

 
$
4,226

Accumulated deficit
$
(239,974
)
 
$
24,297

 
$
(215,677
)
Total stockholders’ equity
$
442,635

 
$
24,297

 
$
466,932

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
802,967

 
$
26,911

 
$
829,878



Share-Based Compensation

    In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (Topic 718), which simplifies the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including related accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and classification in the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted the guidance prospectively effective April 1, 2017.


8
Table of Contents     
Commvault Systems, Inc
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)


The guidance requires excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies to be recorded as income tax benefit or expense in the statement of income when the awards vest or are settled, and eliminates the requirement to reclassify cash flows related to excess tax benefits from operating activities to financing activities on the statement of cash flows. In the nine months ended December 31, 2017, the Company recognized $7,884 of such excess tax benefits, and, pursuant to the adopted guidance, net loss decreased by $7,884, or $0.17 per basic and diluted share. Amounts previously recorded to Additional paid-in capital related to excess tax benefits prior to April 1, 2017 remain in Stockholders' equity. Cash flows related to excess taxes prior to April 1, 2017 remain classified as financing cash flows. In addition, the standard allows the Company to repurchase more of an employee’s vesting shares for tax withholding purposes without triggering liability accounting, and provides an accounting policy election to account for forfeitures as they occur. The Company has elected to account for forfeitures as they occur. The cumulative impact of the election to account for forfeitures as they are incurred is included as an adjustment to accumulated deficit.
Leases

    In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02 “Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASU 2016-02”). Under ASU 2016-02, a lessee will recognize in the balance sheet a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-to-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. The amendments of this ASU are effective for the Company's fiscal 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact the adoption of ASU 2016-02 will have on the financial statements.
Trade and Other Receivables
Trade and other receivables are primarily comprised of trade receivables that are recorded at the invoice amount, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts, which is not material. Unbilled receivables represent amounts for which revenue has been recognized but which have not yet been invoiced to the customer. The current portion of unbilled receivables is included in Trade accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheet. Long term unbilled receivables are included in Other assets.
Sales Tax
The Company records revenue net of sales tax.
Shipping and Handling Costs
Shipping and handling costs are included in cost of revenues for all periods presented
Deferred Commissions Cost
Sales commissions and related payroll taxes earned by the Company's employees are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. The Company’s typical contracts include performance obligations related to software licenses, software updates, customer support and other professional services. In these contracts, incremental costs of obtaining a contract are allocated to the performance obligations based on the relative estimated standalone selling prices and then recognized on a systematic basis that is consistent with the transfer of the goods or services to which the asset relates. The Company does not pay commissions on annual renewals of contracts for software updates and customer support for perpetual licenses. The costs allocated to software and products are expensed at the time of sale, when revenue for the functional software license or appliance is recognized. The costs allocated to software updates and customer support for perpetual licenses are amortized ratably over a period of approximately five years, the expected period of benefit of the asset capitalized. The Company currently estimates a period of five years is appropriate based on consideration of historical average customer life and the estimated useful life of the underlying software or appliance sold as part of the transaction. The costs related to professional services are amortized within one quarter following the date of the related software or appliance sale, which is typically the period the related professional services are provided and revenue is recognized. Amortization expense related to these costs is included in Sales and marketing expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of loss.
Costs related to software updates and support for term-based, or subscription software licenses, are limited to the contractual period of the arrangement as the Company intends to pay a commensurate commission upon renewal of the subscription license and related updates and support.

9
Table of Contents     
Commvault Systems, Inc
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)


Deferred Revenue
Deferred revenues represent amounts collected from, or invoiced to, customers in excess of revenues recognized. This results primarily from the billing of annual customer support agreements, and billings for other professional services fees that have not yet been performed by the Company. The value of deferred revenues will increase or decrease based on the timing of invoices and recognition of revenue.
Related Party Transactions
During the first quarter of fiscal 2018, one of our Directors, Joseph F. Eazor, was hired as the CEO of Rackspace, Inc ("Rackspace").  Prior to his appointment as CEO, the Company completed the sale of $4,212 of software and related services to Rackspace.  Total recognized revenue related to Rackspace in the first nine months of fiscal 2018 was $4,950.  The outstanding accounts receivable from this customer as of December 31, 2017 is $1,910.
Concentration of Credit Risk
The Company grants credit to customers in a wide variety of industries worldwide and generally does not require collateral. Credit losses relating to these customers have been minimal.
Sales through the Company’s distribution agreement with Arrow Enterprise Computing Solutions, Inc. (“Arrow”) totaled approximately 37% of total revenues for the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. Arrow accounted for approximately 40% of total accounts receivable as of both December 31, 2017 and March 31, 2017.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate their fair values due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. The Company’s cash equivalents balance consists primarily of money market funds. The Company’s short-term investments balance consists of U.S. Treasury Bills with maturities of one year or less. The Company accounts for its short-term investments as held to maturity.
Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for such asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value should maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. To measure fair value, the Company uses the following fair value hierarchy based on three levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable:
Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 – Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.
Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
The following table summarizes the composition of the Company’s financial assets measured at fair value at December 31, 2017 and March 31, 2017:
December 31, 2017
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Cash equivalents
 
$
41,672

 
—

 
—

 
$
41,672

Short-term investments
 
$
—

 
131,457

 
—

 
$
131,457

March 31, 2017
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Total
Cash equivalents
 
$
70,190

 
—

 
—

 
$
70,190

Short-term investments
 
$
—

 
120,989

 
—

 
$
120,989


10
Table of Contents     
Commvault Systems, Inc
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)


Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”). The provision for income taxes and effective tax rates are calculated by legal entity and jurisdiction and are based on a number of factors, including the level of pre-tax earnings, income tax planning strategies, differences between tax laws and accounting rules, statutory tax rates and credits, uncertain tax positions and valuation allowances. The Company uses significant judgment and estimates in evaluating tax positions. The effective tax rate in a given financial statement period may be materially impacted by changes in the mix and level of earnings by taxing jurisdiction.

Under ASC 740, deferred income taxes arise from temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts. Valuation allowances are established when, in the Company's judgment, it is more likely than not that deferred tax assets will not be realized. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, the Company weighs the available positive and negative evidence, including historical levels of pre-tax income, legislative developments, expectations and risks associated with estimates of future pre-tax income, and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies.

3.    Revenue
The Company accounts for revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which was adopted on April 1, 2017, using the full retrospective method.
The Company derives revenues from two primary sources: software and products, and services. Software and products revenue includes the Company's software and integrated appliances that combine the Company's software with hardware. Services include customer support (software updates and technical support), consulting, assessment and design services, installation services and customer education. A typical contract includes both licenses and services.
The Company’s software licenses typically provide for a perpetual right to use the Company’s software. The Company also sells term-based software licenses that expire, which are referred to as subscription arrangements. The Company does not customize its software and installation services are not required. The software is delivered before related services are provided and is functional without professional services, updates and technical support. The Company has concluded that its software license is functional intellectual property that is distinct as the user can benefit from the software on its own. Software revenue is typically recognized when the software is delivered and/or made available for download as this is the point the user of the software can direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from the functional intellectual property. The Company does not recognize software revenue related to the renewal of subscription software licenses earlier than the beginning of the subscription period.
In fiscal 2018, the Company also started selling appliances that integrate the Company's software with hardware and address a wide-range of business needs and use cases, ranging from support for remote or branch offices with limited IT staff up to large corporate data centers. Revenue related to appliances is recognized when control of the appliances passes to the customer; typically upon delivery. Revenue to date related to appliances has not been significant.
 
Services revenue includes revenue from customer support and other professional services. Customer support includes software updates on a when-and-if-available basis, telephone support, integrated web-based support and bug fixes or patches. The Company sells its customer support contracts as a percentage of net software purchases the support is related to. Customer support revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the customer support agreement, which is typically one year.

The Company’s other professional services include consulting, assessment and design services, installation services and customer education. Customer education services include courses taught by the Company’s instructors or third-party contractors. Revenue related to other professional services and customer education services is typically recognized as the services are performed.

Most of the Company’s contracts with customers contain multiple performance obligations. For these contracts, the Company accounts for individual performance obligations separately if they are distinct. The transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative standalone selling price basis. Standalone selling prices of software and appliances are typically estimated using the residual approach. Standalone selling prices of services are typically estimated based on observable transactions when these services are sold on a standalone basis.


11
Table of Contents     
Commvault Systems, Inc
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)


The Company’s typical performance obligations include the following:
Performance Obligation
When Performance Obligation
 is Typically Satisfied
When Payment is
Typically Due
How Standalone Selling Price is
Typically Estimated
Software and Products Revenue
Software Licenses
Upon shipment or made available for download (point in time)
Within 90 days of shipment except for certain subscription licenses which are paid for over time
Residual approach
Appliances
When control of the appliances passes to the customer; typically upon delivery
Within 90 days of delivery except for certain subscriptions which are paid for over time
Residual approach
Customer Support Revenue
Software Updates
Ratably over the course of the support contract (over time)
At the beginning of the contract period
Observable in renewal transactions
Customer Support
Ratably over the course of the support contract (over time)
At the beginning of the contract period
Observable in renewal transactions
Professional Services
Other Professional Services (except for education services)
As work is performed (over time)
Within 90 days of services being performed
Observable in transactions without multiple performance obligations
Education Services
When the class is taught (point in time)
Within 90 days of services being performed
Observable in transactions without multiple performance obligations

Disaggregation of Revenue

The Company disaggregates revenue from contracts with customers into the nature of the products and services and geographical regions. The geographic regions that are tracked are the Americas (United States, Canada, Latin America), EMEA (Europe, Middle East, Africa) and APAC (Australia, New Zealand, Southeast Asia, China). The Company operates in one segment.
 
Three Months Ended December 31, 2017
 
Americas
EMEA
APAC
Total
Software and Products Revenue
$
40,783

$
29,472

$
11,188

$
81,443

Customer Support Revenue
59,225

19,478

9,151

87,854

Professional Services
6,287

2,944

1,838

11,069

Total Revenue
$
106,295

$
51,894

$
22,177

$
180,366


 
Three Months Ended December 31, 2016
 
Americas
EMEA
APAC
Total
Software and Products Revenue
$
41,804

$
26,228

$
10,623

$
78,655

Customer Support Revenue
54,738

16,323

8,079

79,140

Professional Services
5,385

2,574

1,307

9,266

Total Revenue
$
101,927

$
45,125

$
20,009

$
167,061


12
Table of Contents     
Commvault Systems, Inc
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)


 
Nine Months Ended December 31, 2017
 
Americas
EMEA
APAC
Total
Software and Products Revenue
$
121,498

$
74,293

$
32,433

$
228,224

Customer Support Revenue
173,619

55,214

26,688

255,521

Professional Services
17,113

8,248

5,372

30,733

Total Revenue
$
312,230

$
137,755

$
64,493

$
514,478


 
Nine Months Ended December 31, 2016
 
Americas
EMEA
APAC
Total
Software and Products Revenue
$
121,527

$
61,014

$
29,932

$
212,473

Customer Support Revenue
162,223

49,385

24,237

235,845

Professional Services
17,770

8,143

4,042

29,955

Total Revenue
$
301,520

$
118,542

$
58,211

$
478,273


Information about Contract Balances

Amounts collected in advance of services being provided are accounted for as deferred revenue. Nearly all of the Company's deferred revenue balance is related to services revenue, primarily customer support contracts.

In some arrangements the Company allows customers to pay for term based software licenses and products over the term of the software license. The Company refers to these as subscription transactions. Amounts recognized as revenue in excess of amounts billed are recorded as unbilled receivables. Unbilled receivables which are anticipated to be invoiced in the next twelve months are included in Accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheet. Long term unbilled receivables are included in Other assets. The opening and closing balances of the Company’s accounts receivable, unbilled receivables, and deferred revenues are as follows:
 
Accounts Receivable
Unbilled Receivable
(current)
Unbilled Receivable
(long-term)
Deferred Revenue
(current)
Deferred Revenue
(long-term)
Opening Balance as of March 31, 2017
$
132,711

$
7,373

$
—

$
209,099

$
70,803

Increase/(decrease), net
8,750

(2,084
)
1,419

18,433

9,232

Ending Balance as of December 31, 2017
$
141,461

$
5,289

$
1,419

$
227,532

$
80,035


The increase in accounts receivable is primarily a result of an increase in software and products revenue relative to the fourth quarter of the prior year. The increase in deferred revenue is primarily the result of an increase in deferred customer support revenue related to software and products revenue transactions and customer support renewals during the first nine months of fiscal 2018, most of which will be recognized over the course of the next twelve months.

The amount of revenue recognized in the period that was included in the opening deferred revenue balance was $86,756 and $248,352 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2017, respectively. The vast majority of this revenue consists of customer support arrangements. The amount of revenue recognized from performance obligations satisfied in prior periods was not material.

Remaining Performance Obligations

In addition to the amounts included in deferred revenue as of December 31, 2017, approximately $18,658 of revenue may be recognized from remaining performance obligations, of which $736 was related to software and products. The Company expects the software and products revenue to be recognized next quarter. The majority of the services revenue is related to other professional services which may be recognized over the next twelve months but is contingent upon a number of factors, including customers’ needs and schedules.


13
Table of Contents     
Commvault Systems, Inc
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)


4.    Property and Equipment
Property and equipment consist of the following:
 
 
December 31,
 
March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2017
Land
 
$
9,445

 
$
9,445

Buildings
 
103,244

 
103,244

Computers, servers and other equipment
 
38,412

 
35,274

Furniture and fixtures
 
15,656

 
14,912

Leasehold improvements
 
9,254

 
7,040

Purchased software
 
1,494

 
1,335

Construction in process
 
749

 
1,147

 
 
178,254

 
172,397

Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization
 
(48,622
)
 
(40,078
)
 
 
$
129,632

 
$
132,319

The Company recorded depreciation and amortization expense of $8,257 and $7,384 for the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
5.    Net Income per Common Share
Basic net income per common share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares during the period. Diluted net income per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares and, if dilutive, potential common shares outstanding during the period. Potential common shares consist of the incremental common shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options, vesting of restricted stock units and shares to be purchased under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. The dilutive effect of such potential common shares is reflected in diluted earnings per share by application of the treasury stock method.
The diluted weighted average shares outstanding exclude outstanding stock options, restricted stock units, performance stock options, performance restricted stock units and shares to be purchased under the employee stock purchase plan totaling approximately 7,247 and 1,879 for the three months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 and 7,398 and 8,346 for the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.

14
Table of Contents     
Commvault Systems, Inc
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)


6.    Commitments and Contingencies
    
In the normal course of its business, the Company may be involved in various claims, negotiations and legal actions.

On September 10, 2014, a purported class action complaint was filed in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey against the Company, its Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer. The case is captioned In re Commvault Systems, Inc. Securities Litigation (Master File No. 3:14-cv-05628-MAS-LHG). The suit alleges that the Company made materially false and misleading statements, or failed to disclose material facts, regarding the Company's financial results, business, operations and prospects in violation of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder. The suit is purportedly brought on behalf of purchasers of the Company's common stock during the period from May 7, 2013 through April 24, 2014, and seeks compensatory damages, costs and expenses, as well as equitable or other relief. Lead plaintiff, the Arkansas Teachers Retirement System, was appointed on January 12, 2015, and on March 18, 2015, an amended complaint was filed by the plaintiffs. On December 17, 2015, the defendant’s motion to dismiss the case was granted and the case dismissed; however, the plaintiffs were permitted to re-file their claim, which they did on February 5, 2016.  Defendants filed another motion to dismiss on April 5, 2016, which was denied by the court on September 30, 2016. Thereafter, discovery commenced. On October 2, 2017, the parties entered into an agreement in principle to settle the action for $12,500. The parties signed a stipulation of settlement on November 30, 2017. The settlement remains subject to court approval. The Company has not recorded an accrual for this matter as the settlement amount is to be funded solely by the Company’s insurers. There can be no assurance that the settlement will ultimately be approved or that it will become final. If the settlement does not occur and litigation against the Company continues, the Company believes that it has meritorious defenses and intends to defend the case vigorously.  However, due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, the Company cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of this matter if the litigation continues.

                On April 12, 2017, a shareholder derivative complaint was filed in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey against the Company (nominally), certain of its executive officers and certain members of the board of directors.  The complaint is entitled Murashko v. Hammer, et al. (Civ. No. 3:17-cv-02533-PGS-TJB). The plaintiff filed an amended complaint on July 14, 2017. The amended complaint largely repeats the allegations made in the securities litigation also pending in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey (In re Commvault Systems, Inc. Securities Litigation (Master File No. 3:14-cv-05628-PGS-LHG), claiming that the defendant officers and directors breached their fiduciary duties to the Company by causing, or allowing, the Company to manipulate its financial results and conceal the state of its business prospects.  The suit also alleges that certain executive officers engaged in unlawful insider trading in 2013 and/or 2014 based on their knowledge of the information that was supposedly concealed. The allegations asserted in the shareholder derivative action purport to cover a period from 2013 through the present.  As a derivative action, the complaint does not seek damages from the Company, but rather seeks to recover from the defendant officers and directors on behalf of the Company compensatory damages, restitution, costs and expenses, as well as equitable or other relief.  On August 29, 2017, all of the defendants, including the Company, filed a motion to dismiss the derivative action, and a hearing took place on December 18, 2017. On November 30, 2017, a virtually identical shareholder derivative complaint was filed in state court in New Jersey entitled Lee v. Hammer, et al., Civ. 201-17 (N.J. Super. Ct.). The Lee case has been voluntarily stayed by agreement of the parties pending a ruling on the motion to dismiss in the Murashko complaint. Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, the Company cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of these matters.  The Company is unable at this time to determine whether the outcome of the litigations will have a material impact on its results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.  As of December 31, 2017, the Company has not recorded an accrual for these matters.

On February 27, 2017, Realtime Data LLC d/b/a/ IXO (“Realtime”), a non-practicing entity, sued the Company and Spectra Logic Corporation in the Eastern District of Texas for alleged infringement of four patents: U.S. Patent Nos.  9,054,728, 7,415,530, 9,116,908, and 8,717,204. Realtime dismissed the case in Texas and refiled this case in the District of Delaware on July 10, 2017. Realtime has sued numerous other companies for infringement of these and other patents.  Realtime seeks monetary damages and an injunction.  The Company responded to the complaint by filing a motion to dismiss on the grounds that the patents are directed to patent-ineligible subject matter. The Court has not yet ruled on this motion.  Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, the Company cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of this matter. The Company is unable at this time to determine whether the outcome of the litigation will have a material impact on its results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. The Company intends to defend itself vigorously. As of December 31, 2017, the Company has not recorded an accrual for this matter.


15
Table of Contents     
Commvault Systems, Inc
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)


7.    Revolving Credit Facility
On June 30, 2014, the Company entered into a five-year $250,000 revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”). The Credit Facility is available for share repurchases, general corporate purposes, and letters of credit. The Credit Facility contains financial maintenance covenants including a leverage ratio and interest coverage ratio. The Credit Facility also contains certain customary events of default which would permit the lenders to, among other things, declare all loans then outstanding to be immediately due and payable if such default is not cured within applicable grace periods. The Credit Facility also limits the Company's ability to incur certain additional indebtedness, create or permit liens on assets, make acquisitions, make investments, loans or advances, sell or transfer assets, pay dividends or distributions, and engage in certain transactions with foreign affiliates. Outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility accrue interest at an annual rate equal to London Interbank Offered Rate plus 1.50% subject to increases based on the Company's actual leverage. The unused balance on the Credit Facility is also subject to a 0.25% annual interest charge subject to increases based on the Company's actual leverage. As of December 31, 2017, there were no borrowings under the Credit Facility and the Company was in compliance with all covenants.
The Company has deferred the expense related to debt issuance costs, which are classified as Other assets, and will amortize the costs into Interest expense over the term of the Credit Facility. Unamortized amounts at December 31, 2017 were $379. The amortization of debt issuance costs was $63 and $189 in the three and nine months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.
8.    Capitalization
During the nine months ended December 31, 2017, the company repurchased $91,309 of common stock (1,691 shares).

Subsequent Event
On January 17, 2018, the Board of Directors extended the expiration date of the share repurchase program to March 31, 2019 and authorized a $100,000 increase to the existing share repurchase program so that $133,749 is now available.
9.    Stock Plans
On August 24, 2017, the Company’s shareholders approved an amendment to the Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2016 Incentive Plan”) to increase the maximum number of shares of common stock that may be delivered under plan to 3,550. The 2016 Incentive Plan authorizes a broad range of awards including stock options, stock appreciation rights, full value awards (including restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares or units and other stock-based awards) and cash-based awards.
The following table presents the stock-based compensation expense included in Cost of services revenue, Sales and marketing, Research and development and General and administrative expenses for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. Stock-based compensation is attributable to stock options, restricted stock units, performance based awards and the employee stock purchase plan.
 
 
Three Months Ended December 31,
 
Nine Months Ended December 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Cost of services revenue
 
$
846

 
$
1,060

 
$
2,348

 
$
2,895

Sales and marketing
 
9,464

 
9,100

 
27,888

 
25,061

Research and development
 
2,170

 
1,924

 
6,310

 
5,372

General and administrative
 
5,273

 
7,026

 
20,592

 
21,825

Stock-based compensation expense
 
$
17,753

 
$
19,110

 
$
57,138

 
$
55,153

As of December 31, 2017, there was approximately $103,468 of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to non-vested stock option and restricted stock unit awards that is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.21 years. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur. To the extent that awards are forfeitured, stock-based compensation will be different from the Company’s current estimate.

16
Table of Contents     
Commvault Systems, Inc
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)


Stock Options
Stock Option activity for the nine months ended December 31, 2017 is as follows:
Options
 
Number
of
Options
 
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
(Years)
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Outstanding as of March 31, 2017
 
5,300

 
$
44.74

 

 

Options granted
 
—

 
—

 

 

Options exercised
 
(442
)
 
29.27

 

 

Options forfeited
 
(20
)
 
43.40

 

 

Options expired
 
(25
)
 
68.85

 

 

Outstanding as of December 31, 2017
 
4,813

 
$
46.04

 
4.13
 
$
66,006

Exercisable as of December 31, 2017
 
4,554

 
$
46.09

 
3.97
 
$
64,086

The total intrinsic value of options exercised was $1,194 and $12,819 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2017 and $2,101 and $6,540 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2016. The Company’s policy is to issue new shares upon exercise of options as the Company does not hold shares in treasury.
Restricted Stock Units
Restricted stock unit activity for the nine months ended December 31, 2017 is as follows:
Non-vested Restricted Stock Units
Number of
Awards
 
Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Non-vested as of March 31, 2017
2,396

 
$
45.53

Awarded
1,191

 
59.91

Vested
(1,108
)
 
58.32

Forfeited
(90
)
 
46.69

Non-vested as of December 31, 2017
2,389

 
$
51.24

The weighted average fair value of restricted stock units awarded was $59.84 and $59.91 per unit during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2017, and $53.16 and $50.55 per unit during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2016. The weighted average fair value of awards includes the awards with a market condition described below.
Performance Based Awards

In the nine months ended December 31, 2017, the Company granted 107 performance restricted stock units ("PSU") to certain executives. Vesting of these awards is contingent upon i) the Company meeting certain company-wide revenue and non-GAAP performance goals (performance-based) in fiscal 2017 and ii) the Company's customary service periods. The awards vest over three years and have a maximum potential to vest at 200% (214 shares) based on actual fiscal 2018 performance. The related stock-based compensation expense is determined based on the value of the underlying shares on the date of grant and is recognized over the vesting term using the accelerated method. During the interim financial periods, management estimates the probable number of PSU’s that would vest until the ultimate achievement of the performance goals is known. The awards are included in the restricted stock unit table.


17
Table of Contents     
Commvault Systems, Inc
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)


Awards with a Market Condition
In the nine months ended December 31, 2017, the Company granted 88 market performance stock units to certain executives. The vesting of these awards is contingent upon the Company meeting certain total shareholder return ("TSR") levels as compared to a market index over the next three years. The awards vest in three annual tranches and have a maximum potential to vest at 200% (176 shares) based on TSR performance. The related stock-based compensation expense is determined based on the estimated fair value of the underlying shares on the date of grant and is recognized using the accelerated method over the vesting term. The estimated fair value was calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The fair value of the awards granted during the nine months ended December 31, 2017 was $78.28. The awards are included in the restricted stock unit table.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “Purchase Plan”) is a shareholder approved plan under which substantially all employees may purchase the Company’s common stock through payroll deductions at a price equal to 85% of the lower of the fair market values of the stock as of the beginning or the end of the six-month offering periods. An employee’s payroll deductions under the Purchase Plan are limited to 10% of the employee’s salary and employees may not purchase more than $25 of stock during any calendar year. As of December 31, 2017, 2,290 shares were reserved for future issuance under the Purchase Plan. The Purchase Plan is considered compensatory and the fair value of the discount and look back provision are estimated using the Black-Scholes formula and recognized over the six month withholding period prior to purchase.  The total expense associated with the Purchase Plan was $722 and $2,097 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2017 and $632 and $1,966 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2016.
10.    Income Taxes
Income tax expense was $55,282 in the nine months ended December 31, 2017 compared to an expense of $836 in the nine months ended December 31, 2016. The increase in income tax expense was primarily the result of the combined impact of the lower U.S. corporate income tax rate on net deferred tax assets and recording a full valuation allowance against the remaining value of net deferred tax assets.
Impact of U.S. Tax Reform
    
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Act") was enacted on December 22, 2017. The Act reduces the US federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%, requires companies to pay a one-time transition tax on earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries that were previously tax deferred and creates new taxes on certain foreign sourced earnings. As of December 31, 2017, the Company has not completed the accounting for the tax effects of enactment of the Act; however, as described below, it has made a reasonable estimate of the effects on existing deferred tax balances. These amounts are provisional and subject to change. The most significant impact of the legislation for the Company was a $24,300 reduction of the value of the Company's net deferred tax assets (which represent future tax benefits) as a result of lowering the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%. The Act also includes a requirement to pay a one-time transition tax on the cumulative value of earnings and profits that were previously not repatriated for U.S. income tax purposes. The Company has not made sufficient progress on the transition tax analysis to reasonably estimate the effects, and therefore, has not recorded provisional amounts. However, based on analysis to date the one-time transition tax is not expected to be material. No additional income taxes have been provided for any remaining undistributed foreign earnings not subject to the transition tax, or any additional outside basis difference inherent in these entities, as these amounts continue to be indefinitely reinvested in foreign operations.
Valuation Allowance

Net deferred tax assets arise due to the recognition of income and expense items for tax purposes, which differ from those used for financial statement purposes. ASC 740, Income Taxes, provides for the recognition of deferred tax assets if realization of such assets is more likely than not. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance in the third quarter of fiscal 2018, the Company considered all available objective and verifiable evidence both positive and negative, including historical levels of pre-tax income (loss) both on a consolidated basis and tax reporting entity basis, legislative developments, expectations and risks associated with estimates of future pre-tax income, and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. The Company currently estimates that as of March 31, 2018 both the consolidated entity and its U.S. entity will have generated a cumulative three year pre-tax loss. As a result of this analysis, the Company determined that it is more likely than not that it will not realize the benefits of its gross deferred tax assets and therefore has recorded a valuation allowance to reduce the carrying value of these gross deferred tax assets, net of the impact of the reversal of taxable temporary differences, to zero.

18
Table of Contents     
Commvault Systems, Inc
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Unaudited (continued)
(In thousands, except per share data)


Other Tax Items
The Company conducts business globally and as a result, files income tax returns in the United States and in various state and foreign jurisdictions. In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to examination by taxing authorities throughout the world, including such major jurisdictions as the United States, Australia, Canada, Germany, Netherlands and United Kingdom. The years subject to income tax examination in the Company’s foreign jurisdictions cover the maximum time period with respect to these jurisdictions. Due to net operating loss ("NOL") carryforwards, in some cases the tax years continue to remain subject to examination with respect to such NOLs.
   

19

Item 2 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
You should read the following discussion and analysis along with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. The statements in this discussion regarding our expectations of our future performance, liquidity and capital resources, and other non-historical statements are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, the risks and uncertainties described under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2017. Our actual results may differ materially from those contained in or implied by any forward-looking statements.
Overview

Commvault is a provider of data and information management software applications and related services. Commvault was incorporated in 1996 as a Delaware corporation. The Commvault software platform is an enterprise level, integrated data and information management solution, built from the ground up on a single platform and unified code base. All software functionality share the same back-end technologies to deliver the benefits of a holistic approach to protecting, managing, and accessing data. The software addresses many aspects of data management in the enterprise, while providing scalability and control of data and information. In fiscal 2018, we also started selling appliances that integrate the our software with hardware and address a wide-range of business needs and use cases, ranging from support for remote or branch offices with limited IT staff up to large corporate data centers. We also provide our customers with a broad range of professional services that are delivered by our worldwide support and field operations. As of December 31, 2017, we had licensed our software applications to over 26,000 registered customers.

Our software licenses typically provide for a perpetual right to use our software and are sold on a per terabyte capacity basis, per-copy, as site licenses or as a solution set. Prior to fiscal 2018, an insignificant amount of our revenue has been sold under subscription, or term based, license arrangements.  In these arrangements the customer has the right to use the software over a designated period of time. During fiscal 2018, we expect revenue from subscription arrangements to become a more significant portion of our total revenue compared to historical periods.

In recent years, the majority of our software and products have been sold on a capacity basis and we expect this to remain true in the near future. During the nine months ended December 31, 2017, approximately 67% of software and product revenue was sold on a capacity basis. This compares to approximately 69% of software and products revenue was sold on a capacity basis during fiscal 2017. Software licenses sold on a capacity basis provide the customer with unlimited licenses of specified software products based on a defined level of terabytes of data under management. As a result, when we sell our platform through a capacity license, certain of the various functionalities discussed below are bundled into one capacity based price. Site licenses give the customer the additional right to deploy the software on a limited basis during a specified term.
    
Our solution sets are generally sold on a per unit basis such as per virtual machine for our virtual machine backup, recovery and cloud management solution set; per mailbox for our email archive solution set, and per user for our endpoint data protection solution set. These solution sets are purpose-built offerings designed to accelerate private, public and hybrid cloud adoption that seamlessly integrate with our single platform software, offering a path towards holistic data management while allowing customers to utilize functionality that addresses the point solution requirements their business dictates. We primarily sell solution sets for virtual machine backup, recovery and cloud management; endpoint data protection; and email archive.
The industry in which we currently operate continues to go through accelerating changes as the result of compounding data growth and the introduction of new technologies. We remain focused on both the data and information management trends in the marketplace and, in fact, a material portion of our existing research and development expenses are utilized toward the development of such new technologies. While we are confident in our ability to meet these changing industry demands with our Commvault suite and potential future releases, the development, release and timing of any features or functionality remain at our sole discretion and our solutions or other technologies may not be widely adopted.
Given the nature of the industry in which we operate, our software applications are subject to obsolescence. We continually develop and introduce updates to our existing software applications in order to keep pace with evolving industry technologies. In addition, we must address evolving industry standards, changing customer requirements and competitive software applications that may render our existing software applications obsolete. For each of our software applications, we provide full support for the current generally available release and one prior release. When we declare a product release obsolete, a customer notice is delivered twelve months prior to the effective date of obsolescence announcing continuation of full product support for the first six months. We provide an additional six months of extended assistance support in which we only provide existing workarounds or fixes that do not require additional development activity. We do not have existing plans to make any of our software products permanently obsolete.

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Sources of Revenues
We derive a significant portion of our total revenues from sales of licenses of our software applications and products. We do not customize our software for a specific end-user customer. We sell our software applications and products to end-user customers both directly through our sales force and indirectly through our global network of value-added reseller partners, systems integrators, corporate resellers and original equipment manufacturers. Our software and products revenue was 44% of our total revenues for the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.
In recent fiscal periods, we have generated approximately three-quarters of our software and products revenue from our existing customer base and approximately one-quarter of our software and products revenue from new customers. In addition, our total software and products revenue in any particular period is, to a certain extent, dependent upon our ability to generate revenues from large customer software and products deals, which we refer to as enterprise transactions. Enterprise transactions (transactions greater than $0.1 million) represented approximately 59% and 55% of our total software and products revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Software and products revenue generated through indirect distribution channels was 88% of total software and products revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and in the nine months ended December 31, 2016. Software and products revenue generated through direct distribution channels was approximately 12% of total software and products revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and in the nine months ended December 31, 2016. The dollar value of software and products revenue generated through indirect distribution channels increased approximately $12.0 million, or 6%, in the nine months ended December 31, 2017 compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2016. The dollar value of software and products revenue generated through direct distribution channels increased approximately $3.7 million, or 15%, in the nine months ended December 31, 2017 compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2016. Deals initiated by our direct sales force are sometimes transacted through indirect channels based on end-user customer requirements, which are not always in our control and can cause this overall percentage split to vary from period-to-period. As such, there may be fluctuations in the dollars and percentage of software and products revenue generated through our direct distribution channels from time-to-time. We believe that the growth of our software and products revenue, derived from both our indirect channel partners and direct sales force, are key attributes to our long-term growth strategy. We will continue to invest in both our channel relationships and direct sales force in the future, but we continue to expect more revenue to be generated through indirect distribution channels over the long term. The failure of our indirect distribution channels or our direct sales force to effectively sell our software applications could have a material adverse effect on our revenues and results of operations.

Our primary original equipment manufacturer agreement is with Hitachi Data Systems ("HDS") and allows them to market, sell and support our software applications and services on a stand-alone basis and/or incorporate our software applications into their own hardware products. Our original equipment manufacturer partners, including HDS, have no obligation to recommend or offer our software applications exclusively or at all, and they have no minimum sales requirements and can terminate our relationship at any time. Sales through our original equipment manufacturer agreements, accounted for approximately 14% of our total revenues for the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and 15% of our total revenues for the nine months ended December 31, 2016.
We also have non-exclusive distribution agreements covering our North American commercial markets and our U.S. Federal Government market with Arrow Enterprise Computing Solutions, Inc. ("Arrow"), a subsidiary of Arrow Electronics, Inc., and Tech Data Corporation (formerly Avnet Technology) ("Tech Data"). Pursuant to these distribution agreements, these distributors’ primary role is to enable a more efficient and effective distribution channel for our products and services by managing our reseller partners and leveraging their own industry experience. We generated approximately 37% of our total revenues through Arrow in both the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. If Arrow were to discontinue or reduce the sales of our products or if our agreement with Arrow was terminated, and if we were unable to take back the management of our reseller channel or find another North American distributor to replace Arrow, then it could have a material adverse effect on our future business.
Our services revenue was 56% of our total revenues for both the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. Our services revenue is made up of fees from the delivery of customer support and other professional services, which are typically sold in connection with the sale of our software applications. Customer support agreements provide technical support and unspecified software updates on a when-and-if-available basis for an annual fee based on licenses purchased and the level of service subscribed. Other professional services include consulting, assessment and design services, installation services and customer education.


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Most of our customer support agreements are priced as a percentage of the related net software purchased and are for a one year term. As the end of the annual period approaches, we pursue the renewal of the agreement with the customer. Historically, customer support renewals have represented a significant portion of our total revenue. Because of this characteristic of our business, if our customers choose not to renew their support agreements with us on beneficial terms, or at all, our business, operating results and financial condition could be harmed.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rates’ Impact on Results of Operations
Sales outside the United States were approximately 46% of our total revenue for the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and 43% of our total revenue for the nine months ended December 31, 2016. The results of our non-U.S. operations are translated into U.S. dollars at the average exchange rates for each applicable month in a period. To the extent the U.S. dollar weakens against foreign currencies, the translation of these foreign currency denominated transactions generally results in increased revenue, operating expenses and income from operations for our non-U.S. operations. Similarly, our revenue, operating expenses and net income will generally decrease for our non-U.S. operations if the U.S. dollar strengthens against foreign currencies.
Using the average foreign currency exchange rates from the three months ended December 31, 2016 our software and products revenue would have been lower by $3.3 million, our services revenue would have been lower by $2.3 million, our cost of sales would have been lower by $0.6 million and our operating expenses would have been lower by $3.0 million from non-U.S. operations for the three months ended December 31, 2017. Using the average foreign currency exchange rates from the nine months ended December 31, 2016 our software and products revenue would have been lower by $3.5 million, our services revenue would have been lower by $2.3 million, our cost of sales would have been lower by $0.9 million and our operating expenses would have been lower by $1.5 million from non-U.S. operations for the nine months ended December 31, 2017.
In addition, we are exposed to risks of foreign currency fluctuation primarily from cash balances, accounts receivables and intercompany accounts denominated in foreign currencies and are subject to the resulting transaction gains and losses, which are recorded as a component of general and administrative expenses. We recognized a net foreign currency transaction losses of $0.2 million and less than $0.1 million in the three and nine months ended December 31, 2017, respectively. We recognized a net foreign currency transaction loss of less than $0.1 million and gain of $0.4 million in the three and nine months ended December 31, 2016, respectively.
Critical Accounting Policies
Our condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, costs and expenses and related disclosures. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. In many instances, we could have reasonably used different accounting estimates, and in other instances changes in the accounting estimates are reasonably likely to occur from period-to-period. Accordingly, actual results could differ significantly from the estimates made by our management. To the extent that there are material differences between these estimates and actual results, our future financial statement presentation, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows will be affected.
In many cases, the accounting treatment of a particular transaction is specifically dictated by GAAP and does not require management’s judgment in its application, while in other cases, significant judgment is required in selecting among available alternative accounting standards that allow different accounting treatment for similar transactions. We consider these policies requiring significant management judgment to be critical accounting policies. These critical accounting policies are:
•Revenue Recognition;
•Stock-Based Compensation;
•Accounting for Income Taxes
•Software Development Costs
•Deferred Commissions Costs

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The discussion below includes changes to our critical accounting policies that have occurred in fiscal 2018.
Revenue Recognition
We account for revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Our revenue recognition policies require us to make significant judgments and estimates. In applying our revenue recognition policy, we must determine which portions of our revenue are recognized currently (generally software and products revenue) and which portions must be deferred and recognized in future periods (generally services revenue). We analyze various factors including, but not limited to, the selling price of undelivered services when sold on a stand-alone basis, our pricing policies, the credit-worthiness of our customers, and contractual terms and conditions in helping us to make such judgments about revenue recognition. Changes in judgment on any of these factors could materially impact the timing and amount of revenue recognized in a given period.
We derive revenue from two primary sources: software and products, and services. Services include customer support (software updates and technical support), consulting, assessment and design services, installation services and customer education. A typical contract includes both licenses and services.
Our software licenses typically provide for a perpetual right to use our software. We also sell term-based software licenses that expire, which are referred to as subscription arrangements. We do not customize its software and installation services are not required. The software is delivered before related services are provided and is functional without professional services, updates and technical support. We have concluded that our software license is functional intellectual property that is distinct as the user can benefit from the software on its own. Software and product revenue is typically recognized when the software is delivered and/or made available for download as this is the point the user of the software can direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from the functional intellectual property. We do not recognize software revenue related to the renewal of subscription software licenses earlier than the beginning of the subscription period.
In fiscal 2018, we also started selling appliances that integrate our software with hardware and address a wide-range of business needs and use cases, ranging from support for remote or branch offices with limited IT staff up to large corporate data centers. Revenue related to appliances is recognized when control of the appliances passes to the customer; typically upon delivery. Revenue to date related to appliances has not been significant.

Services revenue includes revenue from customer support and other professional services. Customer support includes software updates on a when-and-if-available basis, telephone support, integrated web-based support and bug fixes or patches. The Company sells its customer support contracts as a percentage of net software purchases the support is related to. Customer support revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the customer support agreement, which is typically one year.

Other professional services include consulting, assessment and design services, installation services and customer education. Customer education services include courses taught by our instructors or third-party contractors. Revenue related to other professional services and customer education services is typically recognized as the services are performed.

Most of our contracts with customers contain multiple performance obligations. For these contracts, we account for individual performance obligations separately if they are distinct. The transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative standalone selling price basis. Standalone selling prices of software and products are typically estimated using the residual approach. Standalone selling prices of services are typically estimated based on observable transactions when these services are sold on a standalone basis.

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Our typical performance obligations include the following:
Performance Obligation
When Performance Obligation
 is Typically Satisfied
When Payment is
Typically Due
How Standalone Selling Price is
Typically Estimated
Software and Products Revenue
Software Licenses
Upon shipment or made available for download (point in time)
Within 90 days of shipment except for certain subscription licenses which are paid for over time
Residual approach
Appliances
When control of the appliances passes to the customer; typically upon delivery
Within 90 days of delivery except for certain subscriptions which are paid for over time
Residual approach
Customer Support Revenue
Software Updates
Ratably over the course of the support contract (over time)
At the beginning of the contract period
Observable in renewal transactions
Customer Support
Ratably over the course of the support contract (over time)
At the beginning of the contract period
Observable in renewal transactions
Professional Services
Other Professional Services (except for education services)
As work is performed (over time)
Within 90 days of services being performed
Observable in transactions without multiple performance obligations
Education Services
When the class is taught (point in time)
Within 90 days of services being performed
Observable in transactions without multiple performance obligations
Stock-Based Compensation and Accounting for Income Taxes

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (Topic 718), which simplifies the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including related accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and classification in the statement of cash flows. In connection with the adoption of this guidance we elected an accounting policy to account for forfeitures as they occur. The guidance also requires excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies to be recorded as income tax benefit or expense in the statement of income when the awards vest or are settled, and eliminates the requirement to reclassify cash flows related to excess tax benefits from operating activities to financing activities on the statement of cash flows.
Deferred Commissions Cost
Sales commissions and related payroll taxes earned by our employees are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. Our typical contracts include performance obligations related to software licenses, software updates, customer support and other professional services. In these contracts, incremental costs of obtaining a contract are allocated to the performance obligations based on the relative estimated standalone selling prices and then recognized on a systematic basis that is consistent with the transfer of the goods or services to which the asset relates. We do not pay commissions on annual renewals of contracts for software updates and customer support for perpetual licenses. The costs allocated to software are expensed at the time of sale, when revenue for the functional software license is recognized. The costs allocated to software updates and customer support for perpetual licenses are amortized ratably over a period of approximately five years, the expected period of benefit of the asset capitalized. We currently estimate a period of five years is appropriate based on consideration of historical average customer life and the estimated useful life of the underlying software sold as part of the transaction. The costs related to professional services are amortized within one quarter following the date of the related software sale, which is typically the period the related professional services are provided and revenue is recognized. If we were to change our estimate of the period of benefit of these deferred costs it would impact our results of operations.
Costs related to software updates and support for term-based, or subscription software licenses, are limited to the contractual period of the arrangement as we intend to pay a commensurate commission upon renewal of the subscription license and related updates and support.

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There have been no other significant changes in our critical accounting policies during the nine months ended December 31, 2017 as compared to the critical accounting policies and estimates disclosed in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2017. In addition, please see Note 2 of Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in our fiscal 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed for a description of our accounting policies.
Results of Operations
Three months ended December 31, 2017 compared to three months ended December 31, 2016
Revenues
Total revenues increased $13.3 million, or 8%, from $167.1 million in the three months ended December 31, 2016 to $180.4 million in the three months ended December 31, 2017.
Software and Products Revenue. Software and products revenue increased $2.8 million, or 4%, from $78.7 million in the three months ended December 31, 2016 to $81.4 million in the three months ended December 31, 2017. Software and products revenue represented 45% of our total revenues in the three months ended December 31, 2017 compared to 47% of total revenues in the three months ended December 31, 2016.
We track software and products revenue on a geographic basis. The geographic regions that are tracked are the Americas (United States, Canada, Latin America), EMEA (Europe, Middle East, Africa) and APAC (Australia, New Zealand, Southeast Asia, China). Americas, EMEA and APAC represented 50%, 36% and 14% of total software and products revenue, respectively, for the three months ended December 31, 2017. The year over year growth of software and products revenue in EMEA and APAC was 12% and, 5%, respectively, which was partially offset by a 2% decline in the Americas.
▪
Americas enterprise transaction revenue decreased by 7% as a result of a decrease in the number of transactions which was partially offset by an increase in non-enterprise revenue.
▪
EMEA software and products revenue increased primarily due to a 35% increase in enterprise transaction revenue. The increase in enterprise transaction revenue was primarily the result of an increase in the number enterprise revenue transactions.
Year over year software and products revenue growth in EMEA was positively impacted by changes in foreign exchange rates as the U.S. dollar weakened against the Euro and British pound sterling. Using average foreign exchange rates from the third quarter of fiscal 2017, third quarter fiscal 2018 EMEA software and products revenue would have increased 3% compared to an actual increase of 12%.
▪
The increase in APAC software and products revenue was primarily the result of an increase in non-enterprise revenue.
▪
Our software and products revenue in EMEA and APAC is subject to changes in foreign exchange rates as more fully discussed above in the “Foreign Currency Exchange Rates’ Impact on Results of Operations” section.
Software and products revenue derived from enterprise transactions (transactions greater than $0.1 million) represented approximately 57% of our software and products revenue in the three months ended December 31, 2017 and approximately 56% of our software and products revenue in the three months ended December 31, 2016. Enterprise transactions increased by $1.8 million, or 4%, in the three months ended December 31, 2017 compared to the three months ended December 31, 2016. This increase was driven by a 3% increase in the average dollar amount of enterprise transactions. The average dollar amount of such transactions was approximately $268,000 in the three months ended December 31, 2017 and approximately $261,000 in the three months ended December 31, 2016.

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Services Revenue. Services revenue increased $10.5 million, or 12%, from $88.4 million in the three months ended December 31, 2016 to $98.9 million in the three months ended December 31, 2017. Services revenue represented 55% of our total revenues in the three months ended December 31, 2017 and 53% in the three months ended December 31, 2016. The increase in services revenue is due to a $8.7 million increase in revenue from customer support agreements as a result of software sales to new customers and renewal agreements with our installed software base and includes a $2.3 million increase due to the result of a weakening of the US dollar versus foreign currencies.
Cost of Revenues. Total cost of revenues increased $3.8 million, or 18%, from $21.2 million in the three months ended December 31, 2016 to $25.0 million in the three months ended December 31, 2017. Total cost of revenues represented 14% of our total revenues in the three months ended December 31, 2017 and 13% in the three months ended December 31, 2016. An increase in the percentage of total revenues represented by software revenue has the impact of improving our overall gross margins. The costs of sales related to our appliances are recorded in the cost of software and products revenue.
Operating Expenses
Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses increased $8.1 million, or 8%, from $97.1 million in the three months ended December 31, 2016 to $105.1 million in the three months ended December 31, 2017. The increase is due to a $5.5 million increase in employee compensation and related expenses mainly attributable to the expansion of our sales force from the prior year, a $0.4 million increase in stock-based compensation and a $0.9 million increase in marketing expenses. Sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of total revenues was 58% in both the three months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.
Research and Development. Research and development expenses increased $2.8 million, or 13%, from $21.2 million in the three months ended December 31, 2016 to $24.0 million in the three months ended December 31, 2017. The increase is primarily due to an increase in salary and related expenses resulting from the expansion of our engineering group. Research and development expenses as a percentage of total revenues was 13% in both the three months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. Investing in research and development has been a priority for Commvault, and we anticipate continued spending related to the development of our data and information management software applications.
General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses decreased $1.2 million, or 6%, from $21.6 million in the three months ended December 31, 2016 to $20.4 million in the three months ended December 31, 2017. The decrease is the result of a decrease in stock-based compensation. General and administrative expenses in the three months ended December 31, 2017 includes $0.2 million of net foreign currency transaction losses. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenues was 11% in the three months ended December 31, 2017 and 13% in the three months ended December 31, 2016.
Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation expense increased by $0.3 million from $2.2 million in the three months ended December 31, 2016 to $2.5 million in the three months ended December 31, 2017.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense was $62.6 million in the three months ended December 31, 2017 compared to an expense of $1.7 million in the three months ended December 31, 2016. The increase in income tax expense was primarily the result of the combined impact of the lower U.S. corporate income tax rate on net deferred tax assets and recording a full valuation allowance against the remaining value of net deferred tax assets.
Impact of U.S. Tax Reform
    
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Act") was enacted on December 22, 2017. The Act reduces the US federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%, requires companies to pay a one-time transition tax on earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries that were previously tax deferred and creates new taxes on certain foreign sourced earnings. As of December 31, 2017, we have not completed the accounting for the tax effects of enactment of the Act; however, as described below, we have made a reasonable estimate of the effects on existing deferred tax balances. These amounts are provisional and subject to change. The most significant impact of the legislation for the Company was a $24.3 million reduction of the value of net deferred tax assets (which represent future tax benefits) as a result of lowering the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%. The Act also includes a requirement to pay a one-time transition tax on the cumulative value of earnings and profits that were previously not repatriated for U.S. income tax purposes. We have not made sufficient progress on the transition tax analysis to reasonably estimate the effects, and therefore, have not recorded provisional amounts. However, based on analysis to date the one-time transition tax is not expected to be material. No additional income taxes have been provided for any remaining undistributed

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foreign earnings not subject to the transition tax, or any additional outside basis difference inherent in these entities, as these amounts continue to be indefinitely reinvested in foreign operations.
Valuation Allowance

Net deferred tax assets arise due to the recognition of income and expense items for tax purposes, which differ from those used for financial statement purposes. ASC 740, Income Taxes, provides for the recognition of deferred tax assets if realization of such assets is more likely than not. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance in the third quarter of fiscal 2018, the Company considered all available objective and verifiable evidence both positive and negative, including historical levels of pre-tax income (loss) both on a consolidated basis and tax reporting entity basis, legislative developments, expectations and risks associated with estimates of future pre-tax income, and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. The Company currently estimates that as of March 31, 2018 both the consolidated entity and its U.S. entity will have generated a cumulative three year pre-tax loss. As a result of this analysis, the Company determined that it is more likely than not that it will not realize the benefits of its gross deferred tax assets and therefore has recorded a valuation allowance to reduce the carrying value of these gross deferred tax assets, net of the impact of the reversal of taxable temporary differences, to zero.
Nine months ended December 31, 2017 compared to nine months ended December 31, 2016
Revenues
Total revenues increased $36.2 million, or 8%, from $478.3 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2016 to $514.5 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2017.
Software and Products Revenue. Software and products revenue increased $15.8 million, or 7%, from $212.5 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2016 to $228.2 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2017. Software and products revenue represented 44% of our total revenues in both the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.
Americas, EMEA and APAC represented 53%, 33% and 14% of total software and products revenue, respectively, for the nine months ended December 31, 2017. The year-over-year change in software and products revenue in the Americas was flat, and growth in EMEA and APAC was 22% and 8%, respectively.
▪
Americas enterprise transaction revenue increased 3% due to an increase in the average dollar value of transactions but was offset by a decrease in non-enterprise transaction revenue.
▪
EMEA software and products revenue increased as a result of a significant increase in enterprise transaction revenue. The significant increase in enterprise transaction revenue was driven by an increase in both the average dollar value and volume of such transactions.
▪
The increase in APAC software and products revenue was the result of an increase in revenue from both enterprise and non-enterprise revenue transactions.
▪
Our software and products revenue in EMEA and APAC is subject to changes in foreign exchange rates as more fully discussed above in the “Foreign Currency Exchange Rates’ Impact on Results of Operations” section.
Software and products revenue derived from enterprise transactions (transactions greater than $0.1 million) represented approximately 59% of our software and products revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and approximately 55% of our software and products revenue in the nine months ended December 31, 2016. Enterprise transaction revenue increased by $18.7 million, or 16%, in the nine months ended December 31, 2017 compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2016. This increase was driven by a 20% increase in the average dollar amount of such transactions partially offset by a 3% decline in the number of transactions. The average sales price was approximately $305,000 in the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and approximately $254,000 in the nine months ended December 31, 2016. Software and products revenue derived from transactions less than $0.1 million decreased $3.0 million, or 3%, in the nine months ended December 31, 2017 compared to the nine months ended December 31, 2016.
Services Revenue. Services revenue increased $20.5 million, or 8%, from $265.8 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2016 to $286.3 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2017. Services revenue represented 56% of our total revenues in both the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. The increase in services revenue is due to a $19.7 million increase in revenue from customer support agreements as a result of software sales to new customers and renewal agreements with our installed software base.
Cost of Revenues. Total cost of revenues increased $6.1 million, or 10%, from $63.8 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2016 to $69.9 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2017. The gross margin of our services revenue

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was 77% for both the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. Overall, our services revenue has lower gross margins than our software and products revenue. An increase in the percentage of total revenues represented by software revenue has the impact of improving our overall gross margins. The costs of sales related to our appliances are recorded in the cost of software and products revenue.
Operating Expenses
Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses increased $21.6 million, or 8%, from $284.0 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2016 to $305.6 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2017. The increase is primarily due to a $17.5 million increase in employee compensation and related expenses mainly attributable to the expansion of our sales force from the prior year and a $2.8 million increase in stock-based compensation. Sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of total revenues was 59% in both the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.
Research and Development. Research and development expenses increased $8.8 million, or 14%, from $60.7 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2016 to $69.5 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2017. The increase is due to salary and related expenses resulting from the expansion of our engineering group. Research and development expenses as a percentage of total revenues was 13% in both the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. Investing in research and development has been a priority for Commvault, and we anticipate continued spending related to the development of our data and information management software applications.
General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses increased $5.0 million, or 8%, from $62.9 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2016 to $67.9 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2017. The increase is primarily the result of an increase in employee compensation and related expenses. Expenses in the nine months ended December 31, 2017 includes less than $0.1 million of net foreign currency transaction losses compared to $0.4 million of net foreign currency transaction gains in the nine months ended December 31, 2016. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenues was 13% in both the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.
Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation expense increased by $0.8 million from $6.4 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2016 to $7.2 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2017.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense was $55.3 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2017 compared to $0.8 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2016. The increase in income tax expense was primarily the result of the combined impact of the lower U.S. corporate income tax rate on deferred tax assets and recording a valuation allowance against the remaining value of net deferred tax assets.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of December 31, 2017, our cash and cash equivalents balance of $314.5 million primarily consisted of cash and money market funds. In addition, as of December 31, 2017 we have short-term investments invested in U.S. Treasury Bills totaling $131.0 million. In recent fiscal years, our principal source of liquidity has been cash provided by operations.
As of December 31, 2017, the amount of cash and cash equivalents held outside of the United States by our foreign legal entities was approximately $184 million. These balances are dispersed across many international locations around the world. In the event we repatriated funds from outside of the United States, such repatriation could be subject to restrictions by local laws and/or tax consequences including foreign withholding taxes. As a result of recent corporate tax reform in the United States, we are obligated to pay a one time income tax on the cumulative total of any foreign earnings which have not been repatriated. We currently estimate this one time tax will be immaterial. Prospectively, we believe that as a result of this tax reform, we will likely be able to repatriate foreign earnings without paying U.S. income tax. However, we will remain subject to restrictions by local laws and/or tax consequences including foreign withholding taxes.

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We have a five-year $250 million revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) that expires in June 2019. The Credit Facility is available for share repurchases, general corporate purposes, and letters of credit. The Credit Facility contains financial maintenance covenants including a leverage ratio and interest coverage ratio. The Credit Facility also contains certain customary events of default which would permit the lenders to, among other things, declare all loans then outstanding to be immediately due and payable if such default is not cured within applicable grace periods. The Credit Facility also limits our ability to incur certain additional indebtedness, create or permit liens on assets, make acquisitions, make investments, loans or advances, sell or transfer assets, pay dividends or distributions, and engage in certain transactions with foreign affiliates. Outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility accrue interest at an annual rate equal to London Interbank Offered Rate plus 1.50% subject to increases based on actual leverage. The unused balance on the Credit Facility is also subject to a 0.25% annual interest charge subject to increases based on our actual leverage. As of December 31, 2017, there were no borrowings under the Credit Facility and we believe we are in compliance with all covenants.
During the nine months ended December 31, 2017, we repurchased $91.3 million of common stock shares under our share repurchase program. Under our stock repurchase program, repurchased shares are constructively retired and returned to unissued status. Our stock repurchase program has been funded by our existing cash and cash equivalent balances as well as cash flows provided by our operations. On January 17, 2018, the Board of Directors extended the expiration date of the share repurchase program to March 31, 2019 and authorized a $100.0 million increase to the existing share repurchase program so that $133.7 million is now available.
Our future stock repurchase activity is subject to the business judgment of our management and Board of Directors, taking into consideration our historical and projected results of operations, financial condition, cash flows and other anticipated capital requirements or investment alternatives. Our stock repurchase program reduces the dilutive impact on our common shares outstanding associated with stock option exercises and our previous public and private stock offerings through the repurchase of common stock.
Our summarized cash flow information is as follows (in thousands):
 
 
Nine Months Ended December 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
Net cash provided by operating activities
 
$
60,828

 
$
71,054

Net cash used in investing activities
 
(15,597
)
 
(26,160
)
Net cash used in financing activities
 
(73,596
)
 
(5,950
)
Effects of exchange rate-changes in cash
 
13,368

 
(10,639
)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
 
$
(14,997
)
 
$
28,305

Net cash provided by operating activities was $60.8 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and $71.1 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2016. In the nine months ended December 31, 2017, cash provided by operating activities was primarily due to net loss adjusted for the impact of non-cash charges, and an increase in deferred revenue. These amounts were partially offset by a decrease in accrued liabilities and increases in both accounts receivable and other current assets. Cash flow from operations in the nine month period ended December 31, 2017 also includes $7.9 of excess tax benefits for exercised stock options and vested restricted stock units. In prior periods excess tax benefits were classified as financing activities. In the nine months ended December 31, 2016, cash provided by operating activities was primarily due to net loss adjusted for the impact of non-cash charges, and an increase in deferred revenue and accrued expenses.
Net cash used in investing activities was $15.6 million for the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and $26.2 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2016. In the nine months ended December 31, 2017, cash used in investing activities was related to $10.3 million in net purchases of U.S. Treasury Bills and $5.3 million of capital expenditures. In the nine months ended December 31, 2016, cash used in investing activities was related to $21.7 million in net purchases of U.S. Treasury Bills and $4.5 million of capital expenditures.

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Net cash used in financing activities was $73.6 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2017 and $6.0 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2016. The cash used in financing activities in the nine months ended December 31, 2017 was the result of $91.3 million of repurchases of common shares partially offset by $17.7 million of proceeds from the exercise of stock options and our employee stock purchase program. The cash used in financing activities in the nine months ended December 31, 2016 was due to $25.0 million of common stock repurchases, partially offset by $14.3 million of proceeds from the exercise of stock options and purchases under the employee stock purchase plan as well as $4.8 million of excess tax benefits recognized as a result of the stock option exercises and restricted stock vesting. As a result of the adoption of new accounting guidance, excess tax benefits are now included in cash from operating activities.
Working capital decreased $8.6 million from $318.1 million as of March 31, 2017 to $309.5 million as of December 31, 2017. The net decrease in working capital is due primarily to our use of cash to repurchase common shares offset by cash flow from operations and proceeds from the exercise of stock options and purchases under the employee stock purchase plan . We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and our cash from operations will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for working capital, income taxes, capital expenditures and potential stock repurchases for at least the next twelve months. We may seek additional funding through public or private financings or other arrangements during this period. Adequate funds may not be available when needed or may not be available on terms favorable to us, or at all. If additional funds are raised by issuing equity securities, dilution to existing stockholders will result. If we raise additional funds by obtaining loans from third parties, including borrowing under our revolving credit facility, the terms of those financing arrangements may include negative covenants or other restrictions on our business that could impair our operational flexibility, and would also require us to fund additional interest expense. If funding is insufficient at any time in the future, we may be unable to develop or enhance our products or services, take advantage of business opportunities or respond to competitive pressures, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of December 31, 2017, other than our operating leases, we do not have off-balance sheet financing arrangements, including any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities.
Indemnifications
Certain of our software licensing agreements contain certain provisions that indemnify our customers from any claim, suit or proceeding arising from alleged or actual intellectual property infringement. These provisions continue in perpetuity along with our software licensing agreements. We have never incurred a liability relating to one of these indemnification provisions in the past and we believe that the likelihood of any future payout relating to these provisions is remote. Therefore, we have not recorded a liability during any period related to these indemnification provisions.
Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Standards

See Note 2 of the unaudited consolidated financial statements for a discussion of the impact of recently issued accounting standard.
Item 3 - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Interest Rate Risk
As of December 31, 2017, our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments consisted primarily of money market funds and U.S. Treasury Bills. Due to the short-term nature of these investments, we are not subject to any material interest rate risk on these balances.
Foreign Currency Risk
Economic Exposure
As a global company, we face exposure to adverse movements in foreign currency exchange rates. Our international sales are generally denominated in foreign currencies and this revenue could be materially affected by currency fluctuations. Approximately 46% of our sales were outside the United States for the nine months ended December 31, 2017. Our primary exposures are to fluctuations in exchange rates for the U.S. dollar versus the Euro, and to a lesser extent, the Australian dollar, British pound sterling, Canadian dollar, Chinese yuan, Indian rupee, Korean won and Singapore dollar. Changes in currency exchange rates could adversely affect our reported revenues and require us to reduce our prices to remain competitive in foreign markets, which could also have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. Historically, we have periodically reviewed and revised the pricing of our products available to our customers in foreign countries and we have not maintained excess cash balances in foreign accounts.

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Transaction Exposure
Our exposure to foreign currency transaction gains and losses is primarily the result of certain net receivables due from our foreign subsidiaries and customers being denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the subsidiary. Our foreign subsidiaries conduct their businesses in local currency and we generally do not maintain excess U.S. dollar cash balances in foreign accounts.
Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recorded in “General and administrative expenses” in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). We recognized a net foreign currency transaction loss of $0.2 million and less than $0.1 million in the three and nine months ended December 31, 2017. We recognized net foreign currency transaction loss of less than $0.1 million and gain of $0.4 million in the three and nine months ended December 31, 2016. The net foreign currency transaction gains and losses recorded in “General and administrative” expenses include settlement gains and losses on forward contracts disclosed below.
To date, we have selectively hedged our exposure to foreign currency transaction gains and losses on the balance sheet through the use of forward contracts, which were not designated as hedging instruments. The duration of forward contracts utilized for hedging our balance sheet exposure is generally one to three months. Gains and losses from these contracts are recorded in general and administrative expenses. As of December 31, 2017 and March 31, 2017, we did not have any forward contracts outstanding. We recorded net realized loss of $0.2 million and gains of less than $0.1 million related to the settlement of forward exchange contracts in the three and nine months ended December 31, 2017. We recorded net realized gains and losses of less than $0.1 million related to the settlement of forward exchange contracts in the three and nine months ended December 31, 2016. In the future, we may enter into additional foreign currency based hedging contracts to reduce our exposure to significant fluctuations in currency exchange rates on the balance sheet.
Item 4 - Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of December 31, 2017. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2017.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the third quarter of fiscal 2018 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Inherent Limitations on Internal Controls
Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, do not expect that our disclosures controls and procedures or our internal controls over financial reporting will prevent or detect all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of a simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we are subject to claims in legal proceedings arising in the normal course of our business. Except as discussed below, we do not believe that we are currently party to any pending legal action that could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on our business or operating results.

On September 10, 2014, a purported class action complaint was filed in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey against the Company, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer. The case is captioned In re Commvault Systems, Inc. Securities Litigation (Master File No. 3:14-cv-05628-MAS-LHG). The suit alleges that we made materially false and misleading statements, or failed to disclose material facts, regarding our financial results, business, operations and prospects in violation of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder. The suit is purportedly brought on behalf of purchasers of our common stock during the period from May 7, 2013 through April 24, 2014, and seeks compensatory damages, costs and expenses, as well as equitable or other relief. Lead plaintiff, the Arkansas Teachers Retirement System, was appointed on January 12, 2015, and on March 18, 2015, an amended complaint was filed by the plaintiffs. On December 17, 2015, the defendant’s motion to dismiss the case was granted and the case dismissed; however, the plaintiffs were permitted to re-file their claim, which they did on February 5, 2016.  Defendants filed another motion to dismiss on April 5, 2016, which was denied by the court on September 30, 2016. Thereafter, discovery commenced. On October 2, 2017, the parties entered into an agreement in principle to settle the action for $12.5 million. The parties signed a stipulation of settlement on November 30, 2017. We have not recorded an accrual for this matter as the settlement amount is to be funded solely by our insurers. The settlement is subject to final documentation and court approval. There can be no assurance that the settlement will ultimately be approved or that it will become final. If the settlement does not occur and litigation continues, we believe that we have meritorious defenses and intend to defend the case vigorously. However, due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, we cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of this matter if the litigation continues.

On April 12, 2017, a shareholder derivative complaint was filed in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey against the Company (nominally), certain of its executive officers and certain members of the board of directors.  The complaint is entitled Murashko v. Hammer, et al. (Civ. No. 3:17-cv-02533-PGS-TJB). The plaintiff filed an amended complaint on July 14, 2017. The amended complaint largely repeats the allegations made in the securities litigation also pending in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey (In re Commvault Systems, Inc. Securities Litigation (Master File No. 3:14-cv-05628-PGS-LHG), claiming that the defendant officers and directors breached their fiduciary duties to the Company by causing, or allowing, the Company to manipulate its financial results and conceal the state of its business prospects.  The suit also alleges that certain executive officers engaged in unlawful insider trading in 2013 and/or 2014 based on their knowledge of the information that was supposedly concealed. The allegations asserted in the shareholder derivative action purport to cover a period from 2013 through the present.  As a derivative action, the complaint does not seek damages from the Company, but rather seeks to recover from the defendant officers and directors on behalf of the Company compensatory damages, restitution, costs and expenses, as well as equitable or other relief.  On August 29, 2017, all of the defendants, including the Company, filed a motion to dismiss the derivative action, and a hearing took place on December 18, 2017. On November 30, 2017, a virtually identical shareholder derivative complaint was filed in state court in New Jersey entitled Lee v. Hammer, et al., Civ. 201-17 (N.J. Super. Ct.). The Lee case has been voluntarily stayed by agreement of the parties pending a ruling on the motion to dismiss in the Murashko complaint. Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, we cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of these matters.  We are unable at this time to determine whether the outcome of the litigations will have a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.  As of December 31, 2017, we have not recorded an accrual for these matters.

On February 27, 2017, Realtime Data LLC d/b/a/ IXO (“Realtime”), a non-practicing entity, sued us and Spectra Logic Corporation in the Eastern District of Texas for alleged infringement of four patents: U.S. Patent Nos.  9,054,728, 7,415,530, 9,116,908, and 8,717,204. Realtime dismissed the case in Texas and refiled this case in the District of Delaware on July 10, 2017. Realtime has sued numerous other companies for infringement of these and other patents.  Realtime seeks monetary damages and an injunction.  We responded to the complaint by filing a motion to dismiss on the grounds that the patents are directed to patent-ineligible subject matter. The Court has not yet ruled on this motion.  Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, we cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of this matter. We are unable at this time to determine whether the outcome of the litigation will have a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. We intend to defend ourselves vigorously. As of December 31, 2017, we have not recorded an accrual for this matter.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors
In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2017, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and/or operating results. If any of the risks actually occur, our business, financial conditions or results of operations could be negatively affected. In that case, the trading price of our stock could decline, and our stockholders may lose part or all of their investment.
Item 2. Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer

During the third fiscal quarter of the fiscal 2018, we repurchased $80.1 million of common stock, or 1,498,966 shares, under our share repurchase program. A summary of our repurchases of common stock during the three months ended December 31, 2017 is as follows:
Period
 
Total number of shares purchased
 
Average price paid per share
 
Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced programs
 
Approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the program
 
October 2017
 
321,600

 
$
51.81

 
321,600

 
$
97,090,726

 
November 2017
 
1,177,366

 
$
53.84

 
1,177,366

 
$
33,749,434

 
December 2017
 
—

 
$
—

 
—

 
$
33,749,434

*
Three months ended December 31, 2017
 
1,498,966

 
$
53.40

 
1,498,966

 
 
 

*On January 17, 2018, the Board of Directors extended the expiration date of the share repurchase program to March 31, 2019 and authorized a $100.0 million increase to the existing share repurchase program so that $133.7 million is now available.

Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities
None
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not Applicable
Item 5. Other Information
None
Item 6. Exhibits
A list of exhibits filed herewith is included on the Exhibit Index, which immediately precedes such exhibits and is incorporated herein by reference.

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Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
 
Commvault Systems, Inc.
 
 
 
 
Dated:
January 25, 2018
 
By:
/s/ N. Robert Hammer
 
 
 
N. Robert Hammer
 
 
 
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
 
 
Dated:
January 25, 2018
 
By:
/s/ Brian Carolan
 
 
 
Brian Carolan
 
 
 
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

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EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit
No.
Description
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS
XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document


35
Exhibit


Exhibit 31.1
Certification of Chief Executive Officer
Required by Rule 13a-14(a) (17 CFR 240.13a-14(a))
I, N. Robert Hammer, certify that:
1.
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Commvault Systems, Inc.;
2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
  
(a)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing equivalent functions):
 
(a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ N. ROBERT HAMMER
N. Robert Hammer
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
Date: January 25, 2018


Exhibit


Exhibit 31.2
Certification of Chief Financial Officer
Required by Rule 13a-14(a) (17 CFR 240.13a-14(a))
I, Brian Carolan, certify that:
1.
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Commvault Systems, Inc.;
2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
  
(a)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.
The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing equivalent functions):
 
(a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ BRIAN CAROLAN
Brian Carolan
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date: January 25, 2018


Exhibit


Exhibit 32.1
Certification Pursuant To
18 U.S.C. Section 1350
As Adopted Pursuant To
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Commvault Systems, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended December 31, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, N. Robert Hammer, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
 
(1)
The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2)
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
/s/ N. ROBERT HAMMER
N. Robert Hammer
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
January 25, 2018



Exhibit


Exhibit 32.2
Certification Pursuant To
18 U.S.C. Section 1350
As Adopted Pursuant To
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
In connection with the Quarterly Report of Commvault Systems, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended December 31, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Brian Carolan, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
 
(1)
The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
(2)
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
/s/ BRIAN CAROLAN
Brian Carolan
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
January 25, 2018